A waveform is the shape of a periodic signal, shown as a graph of amplitude over time. It describes how a signal behaves and is fundamental to sound and synthesis, defining tone, timbre, and character.
Common waveforms include:
- Sine wave: A smooth, pure tone with no added harmonics.
- Triangle wave: A wave that rises and falls in straight lines to a sharp peak, containing only odd harmonics that fade quickly.
- Square wave: A wave with abrupt transitions between high and low states, giving a hollow, buzzy sound.
- Sawtooth wave: A dense, rich waveform that ramps up or down sharply and contains all harmonics.
Waveforms are the building blocks of sound, from simple tones to complex textures.
